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    Signs of Cognitive Decline: When to Seek Help

    7 min readPublished on 5 December 2025
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    Noticing changes in your parent's memory or behavior can be worrying. Is it normal aging, or something more serious? Understanding the difference can help you take appropriate action early, when interventions are most effective.

    Normal Aging vs. Concerning Changes

    Some degree of memory change is normal as we age. Your parent might occasionally forget where they put their keys or struggle to recall a name. However, when memory problems start affecting daily life, it's time to pay closer attention.

    Normal Aging

    Occasionally forgetting names or appointments but remembering later. Taking longer to learn new things. Sometimes misplacing items but able to retrace steps to find them.

    Early Warning Signs to Watch For

    Early detection of cognitive decline can make a significant difference in management and quality of life. Look out for these key indicators:

    When to Act Quickly

    Seek immediate medical attention if changes occur suddenly (over days/weeks rather than months) as this may indicate a treatable condition like infection, stroke, or medication side effects.

    • Getting lost in familiar places or while driving usual routes
    • Repeating the same questions or stories in one conversation
    • Difficulty managing finances or paying bills
    • Neglecting personal hygiene or household upkeep
    • Personality changes such as increased suspicion or apathy
    • Trouble following conversations or finding the right words
    • Poor judgment or decision-making
    • Withdrawing from work or social activities
    • Confusion about time, dates, or seasons
    • Difficulty completing familiar tasks like cooking or using appliances

    Having the Conversation with Your Parent

    Discussing memory concerns with your parent requires sensitivity. They may be aware of changes and feeling scared or embarrassed. Choose a quiet moment, express your concerns with love, and focus on getting help together rather than assigning blame.
    • Use "I" statements: "I've noticed..." instead of "You always..."
    • Frame it as a health check, not a criticism
    • Reassure them that early assessment is about getting help
    • Involve other family members for support if helpful

    Where to Get Assessment in Singapore

    Singapore has a well-developed network of services for dementia assessment and care. The first step is usually a visit to your parent's regular doctor or polyclinic.

    The Dementia Singapore helpline (6377 0700) provides information and support for families navigating the assessment process.

    • Polyclinics: Ask for a referral to memory clinic or specialist
    • National Neuroscience Institute (NNI): Comprehensive neurology services
    • Institute of Mental Health (IMH): Psychogeriatric services
    • Khoo Teck Puat Hospital: Geriatric services and memory clinic
    • Private neurologists and geriatricians

    What Happens After Diagnosis

    A dementia diagnosis can feel overwhelming, but it opens doors to support and treatment. Depending on the type and stage, doctors may recommend medications to slow progression, cognitive exercises, and lifestyle modifications. Many families find that having a clear diagnosis actually brings relief and helps with planning.
    • Medications may slow symptom progression
    • Cognitive stimulation programs available at day centres
    • Support groups for both patients and caregivers
    • Advance care planning discussions
    • Financial and legal arrangements (LPA, AMHCP)

    Support for the Family

    Caring for someone with dementia is a marathon, not a sprint. Family caregivers need support too. Organizations like Dementia Singapore (formerly Alzheimer's Disease Association) offer caregiver training, support groups, and respite services.

    Key Takeaways

    • 1Some memory changes are normal with age, but significant impact on daily life warrants assessment
    • 2Early detection leads to better management and planning opportunities
    • 3Start with your regular doctor or polyclinic for a referral
    • 4A diagnosis opens doors to support services and treatments
    • 5Family caregivers need support too - don't hesitate to seek help

    Track cognitive health changes over time

    Elderwise helps families monitor patterns and share updates with healthcare providers.